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Viruses come in many shapes and sizes, such as: · File infectors · These viruses attach themselves to regular programs, such as COM or EXE files under DOS. Thus, they are invoked each time the infected program is run. · Cluster infectors · They modify the file system so that they are run prior to other programs. Note that, unlike file infectors, they do not actually attach themselves to programs. · Macro viruses · Word processing documents can serve as sources of transmission for viruses that take advantage of the auto-execution macro capabilities in products such as Microsoft Word. Simply by opening an infected document, the virus, written in a product's macro language, can spread. · System infectors · Computer operating systems typically set aside a portion of each disk for code to boot the computer. Under DOS, this section is called a boot sector on floppies or a master boot record (MBR) for hard disks. System infectors store themselves in this area and hence are invoked whenever the disk is used to boot the system. · A virus must be executed by someone, perhaps unwittingly, in order to spread. Period. Some ways in which this occurs include: · Booting from an infected floppy · System infectors are loaded each time an infected disk is used to boot the system. This can happen even if a disk is not equipped with the files needed to truly boot the computer, as is the case with most floppies. With PCs, the initial infection typically occurs when someone boots - or reboots - a computer with an infected floppy accidentally left in drive A. It is always a good habit to check and remove any floppies that might be in the drives before booting your machine. · Running an infected program · As programs infected with a file infector are run, the virus spreads. For this reason, you should regularly scan for viruses any programs you retrieve from a BBS, the net, a colleague, etc... There are even instances of commercial, shrink-wrapped software that have been infected with viruses!

See also Why virus is so called ? and Virus creation !